SQL (Structured Query Language): The language used to communicate with a database system, such as SQL Server.
Database: A collection of related data that is stored in an organized manner.
Table: A collection of related data that is organized into columns and rows. A table in SQL Server is similar to a spreadsheet in Excel.
Column: A named set of data in a table, such as a person's name, age, or email address.
Row: A record in a table that contains data for each column.
Primary Key: A column or set of columns in a table that uniquely identifies each row in the table.
Foreign Key: A column or set of columns in a table that refers to the primary key of another table, establishing a relationship between the two tables.
Index: A database object that provides quick access to data in a table. An index can be created on one or more columns in a table.
Query: A request for data from a database, typically written in SQL.
View: A virtual table that is based on the result of a query. A view allows a user to see a subset of data from one or more tables.
Stored Procedure: A set of SQL statements that are stored in the database and can be executed as a single unit.
Transaction: A sequence of database operations that are treated as a single unit of work. A transaction must be completed in its entirety, or none of its changes will be applied.
Backup: A copy of a database that can be used to restore data in the event of a disaster or data loss.
Recovery: The process of restoring a database to a consistent state after a failure or data loss.
Locking: The mechanism used by SQL Server to prevent multiple users from modifying the same data at the same time. Locking can help maintain data consistency, but it can also lead to performance issues if not managed properly.
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